The liver cancer can be prevented in two ways. First, avoidance of alcohol intake, and prevention of development of Hepatitis B or C.
Viral hepatitis factors (Hepatitis B or C) include exchange of infected injectors between drug addicts, blood, rarely other secretions, or through sexual intercourse. Transmission of this disease can be prevented by using disposable injectors in hospitals, extensively and properly screening any blood donors of blood banks, and rejecting donations from individuals with virus. Spread of Hepatitis B can be prevented by vaccinating all newborns and uninfected population.

Another prevention method is to closely monitor the patients with hepatic cirrhosis. A liver cancer may develop in some of these patients. This can be prevented by liver transplantation on the right time, or surgical approach to diseased liver tissue. All patients with cirrhosis should consult specialized physicians in liver diseases to find out where liver transplantation is suitable to them.

Alcoholism, Hepatitis B and C, the most common causes of cirrhosis, are preventable causes as mentioned in the section of prevention of liver cancer. However, the cirrhosis can, from time to time, be caused by unpreventable genetic diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis, metabolic disorders (e.g. Wilson disease particularly in children, and others), primary biliary cirrhosis, and primary sclerosant cholangitis.